Question 1

List the seven basic principles of health care ethics.

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Question 2

____________________ is seen in practices such as benevolent deception, where the practitioner intentionally withholds information from the patient, based on the feeling that the information will somehow hurt the patient.

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Question 3

List three positive rights and three negative rights that you have as a citizen of the United States.

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Question 4

One of the rights claimed in the Patient's Bill of Rights is that patients have the right to know and receive an explanation of their bill regardless of the source of payment. Write a policy statement that would be congruent with the correlative obligation associated with this patient right.

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Question 5

Review the Tuskegee case study presented in the chapter, and give specific examples where each of the basic principles of health care ethics were compromised and sacrificed.

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Question 6

The controversy over whether the U.S. government should pay for legal abortions is based on the difference between positive and negative rights. State the difference between the positive and negative rights and explain your answer.

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Question 7

Explain how actions known as paternalism, which are often criticized and always suspect, are, in their best sense, an application of the principle of beneficence.

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Question 8

Veracity, which means to tell the truth, is an important principle in health care ethics. Explain the harmful effects to the health care process when either the patient or practitioner lies.

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Question 9

Dr. Kevorkian has called for a new health care specialty to be called Obiatrists. These specialists would administer drugs to assist clients in the dying process. Examine the basic principles of health care ethics and explain how each of the principles would relate to the new specialty.​

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Question 10

Review the chapter section dealing with the principle of justice. In regard to distributive justice, select the method or combination of methods you feel is best suited to the distribution of health care and defend your choice.

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Question 11

Review the principle of double effect found in the chapter. Based on the principle, could a nurse (with a written order) turn up the oxygen flowmeter to assist a dyspneic (having difficulty breathing) patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, knowing that oxygen, while making the patient more comfortable, often suppresses the respirations of these patients and might lead to respiratory failure? Explain your answer.

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Question 12

Explain how the principle of informed consent is derived from the basic principle of autonomy.

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Question 13

Differentiate among compensatory, retributive, procedural, and distributive justice.

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Question 14

Some health care specialties such as nursing have patient advocacy as a high priority of their practice. What basic principles are supported by the adoption of patient advocacy as a major priority?

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Question 15

Define the term benevolent deception and provide examples of the type of cases where this suspect practice might be appropriate.

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Question 16

Define the term fiduciary relationship. Explain how this concept guides the practice of health care provision.

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Question 17

The principle of autonomy deals with the right of the patient to self-determination. The need for informed consent flows directly from this principle. Explain what you would do if the patient, using the right to self-determination, demanded that he did not want to know.

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Question 18

Assume that appropriate information had been provided to the patient. The health care providers are certain that the best choice for therapy is A, while the patient wants to choose another therapy, B, which has been shown to be ineffective. Who makes the decision and why? Can the patient make the decision to have ineffective therapy? Defend your answer.

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Question 19

In the Tuskegee case study, it is clear that many, if not all, of the basic principles were compromised by the research. The research was continued for decades, with many physicians coming and going from the process. The one person who continued from start to finish was the nurse, Eunice Rivers. In that she obviously acted under direct orders of the physicians, is her conduct subject to ethical censure? Explain your answer.

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Quiz 4: Basic Principles of Health Care and the Nature of Rights in Ethical Discourse