Nate Wants to Make Some Causal Assertions in His Cross-Sectional

Nate wants to make some causal assertions in his cross-sectional study about the effects of high school involvement on violence among young adults (all the people he studied are in their early 20s) .He can approximate a longitudinal study by

A) using path analysis.
B) using age differences.
C) following the same individuals over time.
D) making logical inferences based on the time order of his variables.
E) he cannot approximate a longitudinal study