Spiral of Silence Theory has been criticized because
A) it fails to acknowledge a person's ego involvement in an issue
B) Noelle-Neumann did not empirically test the assumption that fear of isolation prompts people to speak out
C) it relies too heavily on West German media
D) all of these

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The Spiral of Silence Theory has faced criticism for multiple reasons: it overlooks the role of ego involvement in how individuals engage with issues (A), the foundational assumption that fear of isolation drives people to speak out was not empirically tested by Noelle-Neumann (B), and the theory's heavy reliance on the context of West German media limits its applicability and understanding in a broader, more diverse media landscape (C).

Spiral of Silence Theory Has Been Criticized Because