The sentiment: "once you have a dog in the fight, your perception of fairness is skewed toward your own self-interest in a way that can impact your judgment in transactions" is an example of a self-serving bias.

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Self-serving bias is a cognitive bias that involves perceiving situations in a way that favors oneself, especially by attributing success to personal abilities and failures to external factors. The sentiment described reflects this bias by suggesting that having a personal stake in an outcome (a "dog in the fight") can skew one's perception of fairness towards their own interests, thus impacting judgment in a self-serving manner.

The Sentiment: "Once You Have a Dog in the Fight