In Tajfel's (1971) research, individuals labeled as "underestimators" and "overestimators" responded to other "underestimator" and "overestimator" participants by

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Tajfel's research demonstrated that individuals tend to favor members of their own group (in-group favoritism), even when the groups are arbitrarily assigned, such as being labeled as "underestimators" or "overestimators." Participants awarded more points to those who were in the same group as themselves, illustrating the minimal group paradigm and the basis of in-group bias.

In Tajfel's (1971) Research, Individuals Labeled as "Underestimators" and "Overestimators