In the Analytical Hierarchy Process, preference scales for pairwise comparisons are given by the decision maker, and the numbers 2 or 4 do not have any ranking (meaning 2 is not necessarily less preferable or more preferable to 4 ).

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In the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), preference scales for pairwise comparisons are indeed given by the decision maker, but the numbers used (including 2 and 4) represent the intensity of preference of one element over another. A higher number indicates a stronger preference, so 4 would indicate a stronger preference than 2.

In the Analytical Hierarchy Process, Preference Scales for Pairwise Comparisons