The main difference between aboriginal (pre-European) and European burning regimes in Australia, was that

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Aborigines practiced patch burning, which involved regularly burning small areas to manage the landscape, encourage biodiversity, and reduce the risk of large, uncontrollable wildfires. This approach contrasts with European methods, which did not typically involve such regular, deliberate, and controlled use of fire for land management.

The Main Difference Between Aboriginal (Pre-European) and European Burning Regimes