The loops of Henle establish an osmotic concentration gradient in the renal medulla by actively transporting Cl- into the tubule, which creates a more concentrated fluid in the descending limb and a less concentrated fluid in the ascending limb. This gradient allows for the reabsorption of water from the collecting ducts, which helps to concentrate the urine.

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The Loops of Henle

Question 33

Multiple Choice

The loops of Henle

A) osmoconcentrate urine.
B) pass fluid that is more concentrated than body fluids.
C) actively transport Cl^- into the tubule.
D) establish an osmotic concentration gradient in the renal medulla.
E) are impermeable to water and solutes.

Correct Answer: