Recent research shows that, when learning a second language, adolescents and adults learn new vocabulary easier than new sounds or grammar while very young children are better able to pronounce words with a native-like accent.

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Recent research indicates that sensitive periods in language learning likely vary across different language systems. For late language learners, such as adolescents and adults, new vocabulary is easier to learn than new sounds or new grammar. Children's ability to pronounce words with a native-like accent in a second language decreases with age, particularly after the age of about 10.

Recent Research Shows That, When Learning a Second Language, Adolescents