One of the problems with the terms MO and signature is that it is often not clear what is MO and what is signature.

Question

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The terms Modus Operandi (MO) and signature are often confused because both relate to patterns of behavior in criminal activities, but they serve different purposes. MO refers to the methods a criminal uses to commit a crime, primarily focused on achieving the crime efficiently, while a signature includes behaviors that are not necessary for the crime but fulfill a psychological need for the offender, making it sometimes unclear which aspects of a crime scene are MO and which are signature.

One of the Problems with the Terms MO and Signature