Who believed that the intent of punishment should be to deter further crime,not to impose the will of God?

Question

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Beccaria believed in the principles of utilitarianism and the idea that the purpose of punishment should be to deter further crime, rather than to impose the will of God. He argued that punishment should be proportionate to the crime committed and that it should serve as a deterrent to others, rather than being overly harsh or retributive.

Who Believed That the Intent of Punishment Should Be to Deter