A before-and-after study can lead to a firm conclusion,even without a control group.

Question

A before-and-after study can lead to a firm conclusion,even without a control group.​

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A before-and-after study does not have a control group, which is essential for eliminating confounding variables and establishing a causal relationship. Without a control group, it is difficult to determine whether the observed changes are due to the intervention or other factors, such as natural fluctuations or external events. Therefore, a before-and-after study alone cannot lead to a firm conclusion.

A Before-And-After Study Can Lead to a Firm Conclusion,even Without