A cell encounters a change in its environment (electrical or heat) that could be fatal. However, it is able to respond in a protective manner because this information is sent indirectly through the cell membrane to the nucleus where it stimulates the appropriate response. This is more likely a process known as

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Signal transduction is the process by which a cell responds to changes in its environment by converting that signal into a form that can bring about a specific cellular response, such as activating genes in the nucleus to protect the cell.

A Cell Encounters a Change in Its Environment (Electrical or Heat)