What was the basis for the Bishop of Rome's claims to superior authority in Christendom?

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The Bishop of Rome's claims to superior authority in Christendom were largely based on Jesus' statement to the disciple Peter in Matthew 16:18, "you are Peter and on this rock I shall build my church." This passage has been interpreted to mean that Peter was the first bishop of Rome, and that his successors therefore held a special position of authority within the church. This doctrine is known as the "primacy of Peter" or "papal primacy."

What Was the Basis for the Bishop of Rome's Claims