Question 1

Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of juveniles to understand Miranda warnings.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of...

Question 2

Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of juvenile competence to stand trial.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of...

Question 3

What is meant by therapeutic jurisprudence? How has it typically been implemented in New Zealand Family Group Conference Model and in Teen Courts? What evidence is there of the effectiveness of these approaches?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is meant by therapeutic jurisprudence? How...

Question 4

The juvenile court was

Accepted Answer

The juvenile court system was a United States invention, first established in Cook County, Illinois, in 1899, as a separate court system to handle juvenile offenders.

Question 5

Originally, the juvenile court was intended to

Accepted Answer

The juvenile court system was established with the intention of being a benevolent agent focused on the rehabilitation of young offenders, rather than punishing them as adult criminals. This approach was based on the belief that children and adolescents have the capacity for change and should be provided with support and guidance to reform their behavior.

Question 6

Juvenile courts

Accepted Answer

Juvenile courts were established under the state's parens patriae powers, which means the state acts as a guardian for those who are unable to care for themselves, including children. The primary goal of juvenile courts is to rehabilitate rather than punish young offenders, reflecting a different approach from adult criminal courts.

Question 7

The laws establishing the juvenile court

Accepted Answer

The laws establishing the juvenile court introduced the concept of delinquency, a separate category from adult criminality, emphasizing rehabilitation over punishment and recognizing the developmental differences between youths and adults.

Question 8

The laws establishing the juvenile court

Accepted Answer

The laws establishing the juvenile court defined a class of deviant delinquent youth who were brought to the attention of mental health professionals thus "pathologizing" certain youthful behaviors.

Question 9

Today, crimes committed by youth

Accepted Answer

Youth crimes are predominantly handled by juvenile courts, which are specialized systems designed to address offenses committed by minors, focusing on rehabilitation rather than punishment.

Question 10

Crimes committed by youth are

Accepted Answer

Youth crimes are predominantly committed by males, but there has been a notable increase in the rate of crimes committed by females in recent years. This trend reflects changes in societal norms and possibly increased reporting and law enforcement focus on female offenders.

Question 11

Because of the rate of crimes committed by youth, legislators

Accepted Answer

Legislators passed laws allowing some youth to be prosecuted in adult criminal court as a response to the increasing rate of crimes committed by youth, which is referred to as "recriminalizing" delinquency. This approach reflects a shift towards a more punitive handling of youth offenders in an attempt to address crime rates.

Question 12

Status offenses are

Accepted Answer

Status offenses are actions that are considered violations of the law only because of the age of the perpetrator, such as truancy or underage drinking. These acts would not be considered offenses if committed by someone who is legally an adult.

Question 13

Delinquency is defined

Accepted Answer

Delinquency is specifically defined as acts committed by youth that would be considered crimes if they were committed by adults, according to the state's criminal code. This definition focuses on the legal aspect of the actions rather than the characteristics of the youth or the nature of the acts.

Question 14

Since 1974, status offenders

Accepted Answer

Since 1974, reforms in the juvenile justice system have aimed to reduce the institutionalization of status offenders (juveniles charged with offenses not considered crimes if committed by adults, like truancy or running away from home). Instead, there has been a push towards less punitive measures such as placement in group homes or foster care, rather than secure facilities or state schools for delinquents.

Question 15

Under diversion programs, status offenders

Accepted Answer

Diversion programs for status offenders typically involve referring them to social service agencies before they appear in juvenile court, aiming to address the underlying issues leading to their behavior without formal judicial proceedings.

Question 16

In In re Gault The U.S. Supreme Court held that

Accepted Answer

In re Gault established that juveniles in juvenile court are entitled to certain due process protections, such as the right to notice of the charges, the right to counsel, the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses, and the privilege against self-incrimination, which were not previously guaranteed.

Question 17

Because of concern that juvenile crime was encouraged by juvenile courts, state legislatures

Accepted Answer

State legislatures responded to concerns about juvenile crime by establishing procedures that would allow for the transfer of youth to criminal courts for serious offenses or for initiating prosecution in criminal courts, reflecting a shift towards treating certain juvenile offenders similarly to adults for serious crimes.

Question 18

The theory of treating youth differently than adult criminals assumes that

Accepted Answer

The theory of treating youth differently than adult criminals encompasses all the given reasons: A) recognizes the developmental immaturity of youth, B) acknowledges the potential for growth and change, and C) supports the idea of giving young people a chance to learn from their mistakes without enduring lifelong consequences.

Question 19

Transfer laws recriminalizing certain serious offenses assume

Accepted Answer

Transfer laws recriminalizing certain serious offenses are based on assumptions that include youth understanding the nature and wrongness of their actions, recognizing the future consequences similarly to adults, and the belief that severe consequences will deter such behaviors while demonstrating legislative concern for victims.

Question 20

Psychologists who study adolescents find that

Accepted Answer

Adolescents often feel invulnerable, a phenomenon known as the "invincibility fable," which can lead them to take more risks compared to adults. This sense of invulnerability is a notable aspect of adolescent psychology, contrasting with the other options which do not accurately describe adolescent behavior.

Quiz 9: Juvenile Court and the Legal Processing of Children and Adolescents

Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of juveniles to understand Miranda warnings.

Summarize Grisso's findings about the limitations of juvenile competence to stand trial.

What is meant by therapeutic jurisprudence? How has it typically been implemented in New Zealand Family Group Conference Model and in Teen Courts? What evidence is there of the effectiveness of these approaches?

The juvenile court was

Originally, the juvenile court was intended to

Juvenile courts

The laws establishing the juvenile court

The laws establishing the juvenile court

Today, crimes committed by youth

Crimes committed by youth are

Because of the rate of crimes committed by youth, legislators

Status offenses are

Delinquency is defined

Since 1974, status offenders

Under diversion programs, status offenders

In In re Gault The U.S. Supreme Court held that

Because of concern that juvenile crime was encouraged by juvenile courts, state legislatures

The theory of treating youth differently than adult criminals assumes that

Transfer laws recriminalizing certain serious offenses assume

Psychologists who study adolescents find that