Question 1

The most frequently used data collection strategy, particularly for quantitative research, is

Accepted Answer

Questionnaires and other written, self-report instruments are the most frequently used data collection strategies, particularly for quantitative research, as they receive high marks for both versatility and flexibility. Interviews and observations are tools used most frequently in qualitative research.
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Question 2

A disadvantage of open-ended questions on a self-report instrument is

Accepted Answer

Open-ended questions require respondents to articulate and organize their thoughts, which can be challenging and may lead to less consistent or incomplete responses.

Question 3

"What are the reasons you have not completed your medication regimen?" is an example of which type of question?

Accepted Answer

An open-ended question offers respondents an opportunity to provide whatever information they want. Cafeteria questions provide a list of responses to which respondents can check all that apply. Closed-ended questions typically require a yes or no response.

Question 4

How can the researcher deal with a respondent who tends to select the middle or neutral response option in a Likert scale rather than take a position on the issue?

Accepted Answer

Eliminating a middle or neutral position forces fence-sitters to make a choice. Including positively and negatively worded versions and reverse wording of items are sometimes used as strategies to prevent response-set bias.

Question 5

A respondent who agrees with all statements on a Likert-scale survey is demonstrating

Accepted Answer

Acquiescence response-set bias occurs when the respondent is always agreeing with the attitudinal statements. Social desirability response-set refers to one who is responding in a socially acceptable or self-protective manner, whereas an extreme response set refers to one who chooses only the most extreme positive or negative response options.

Question 6

Which of the following qualitative self-report methods typically begins with a grand tour question?

Accepted Answer

An unstructured interview typically begins with a broad grand tour question, such as "Tell me about…." or "What were your feelings when…." Subsequent questions then build on an informant's responses. Critical incident and focus group interviews are examples of more structured interviews used so the respondent stays on topic.

Question 7

Which of the following types of research does not use existing data?

Accepted Answer

An observational study collects data about a situation as it occurs. The sample for a meta-analysis is a selection of quantitative research articles. The sample for a secondary analysis is a pre-existing data set.

Question 8

An important and desirable feature of a composite (summated) rating scale is that it

Accepted Answer

In a composite rating scale, responses to a set of related items can be summed to provide a composite score that is interval-level data. Open-ended questions allow respondents to express responses in their own words. No rating scale is immune to response-set bias.

Question 9

Which of the following qualitative self-report methods would most likely be used to study clinical nurses' decision making as it evolves?

Accepted Answer

The think-aloud method offers a self-report that shares information as it evolves.
Critical incident review and focus group interview methods are better able to capture opinions and viewpoints rather than a process as it evolves.

Question 10

The major advantage of observational methods of data collection is that they

Accepted Answer

Observation is particularly useful for collecting information about behaviors that individuals may be unaware of or are unwilling to report. Observational methods are usually more expensive than self-reports, whereas observational data collection is subject to observer bias.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about error with biophysical measures is true?

Accepted Answer

Biophysical measures are subject to calibration and inter-rater reliability errors.
Measures that are objective, concrete, reliable, and stable over time minimize bias and random errors, but not systemic errors.

Question 12

Which of the following statements about error with biophysical measures is true?

Accepted Answer

Biophysical measures are objective and reliable, so they are less prone to random error; however, calibration of equipment makes these prone to systematic error.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an in vitro biophysical measure?

Accepted Answer

In vitro measures are those performed on biological material that is extracted from an individual and analyzed in the laboratory. Blood glucose is performed on a blood sample.
Temperature and vital capacity are examples of in vivo measures, which are those that are performed directly on or within a living person.

Question 14

The major advantage of biophysical measures is that they

Accepted Answer

Advantages of biophysical measures include their objectivity and their relative sensitivity and precision. Ethical problems and reactive measurement effects are disadvantages of biophysical measures.

Quiz 11: Data Collection Strategies

The most frequently used data collection strategy, particularly for quantitative research, is

A disadvantage of open-ended questions on a self-report instrument is

"What are the reasons you have not completed your medication regimen?" is an example of which type of question?

How can the researcher deal with a respondent who tends to select the middle or neutral response option in a Likert scale rather than take a position on the issue?

A respondent who agrees with all statements on a Likert-scale survey is demonstrating

Which of the following qualitative self-report methods typically begins with a grand tour question?

Which of the following types of research does not use existing data?

An important and desirable feature of a composite (summated) rating scale is that it

Which of the following qualitative self-report methods would most likely be used to study clinical nurses' decision making as it evolves?

The major advantage of observational methods of data collection is that they

Which of the following statements about error with biophysical measures is true?

Which of the following statements about error with biophysical measures is true?

Which of the following is an example of an in vitro biophysical measure?

The major advantage of biophysical measures is that they