If a statistically significant relationship is found in an observational study for which the sample represents the population of interest, then which of the following is true?
A) A causal relationship cannot be concluded and the results cannot be extended to the population.
B) A causal relationship can be concluded but the results cannot be extended to the population.
C) A causal relationship cannot be concluded but the results can be extended to the population.
D) A causal relationship can be concluded and the results can be extended to the population.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In observational studies, while statistical significance can suggest associations between variables, it does not establish causality due to potential confounding factors. However, if the sample is representative of the population, the results can be generalized to that population.

If a Statistically Significant Relationship Is Found in an Observational