Based on New Evidence, Scholars Have Begun to Revise Which

Based on new evidence, scholars have begun to revise which of the following prevailing notions about European society from the eighth to eleventh centuries C.E.?

A) From their stronghold in Spain, the Umayyads began to bring Islam to much of western Europe.
B) After Charlemagne's reign, Europe continued its economic and cultural resurgence.
C) The Byzantine state continued to wield a great deal of power in western European affairs.
D) After Charlemagne's reign, Europe plunged into centuries of economic and cultural decline.