Suppose you believe that audiences are more likely to be influenced by an attractive than by an unattractive person. So you have someone give a speech in favor of welfare reform to two randomly assigned groups of subjects. For one group, the speaker is made to look very clean-cut and attractive. For the other group, the same speaker is made to look shabby and unattractive. Afterwards, participants report their views on welfare reform. This study is an example of

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This study is an experiment because it involves manipulating the independent variable (the attractiveness of the speaker) and observing the effect on the dependent variable (participants' views on welfare reform). Random assignment to groups helps establish causality.

Suppose You Believe That Audiences Are More Likely to Be