Recall That in an Experiment by Stone Et Al

Recall that in an experiment by Stone et al. (1997) , participants were reminded that they did not volunteer. What did participants prefer to do to reduce dissonance?

A) They preferred to indirectly reduce dissonance by using self-affirmations.
B) They preferred to directly reduce dissonance by changing their attitudes towards volunteering.
C) They preferred to indirectly reduce dissonance by buying condoms to show that they practiced safe sex.
D) They preferred to directly reduce dissonance by donating money to a charitable organization.