Ferber (2007) Identifies Four Common Themes That Reinforce the Continued

Ferber (2007) identifies four common themes that reinforce the continued presence of racism even in sports that have substantially increased minority representation, including:

A) Increasing salary demands from internationally recognized minority athletes
B) Inequality being depicted as a product of a deficient African American culture
C) The lack of minority representation in the ownership of professional sports teams
D) The lack of mandatory cultural sensitivity programming for sports ownership, management, and player personnel
E) The perception that professional sport is not a cure for social problems, but rather a capitalist enterprise