What Was the Degree of Urbanization in the Southern Kingdoms

What was the degree of urbanization in the southern kingdoms of the Ganges plain?

A) As was typical of Aryan culture, the southern kingdoms had virtually no cities or towns.
B) Some small urban centers grew up around the palaces, but there was no commerce or manufacturing associated with them.
C) Towns appeared around the kingdoms? capitals and also as manufacturing and trading centers along the Ganges River.
D) As city-states, the southern kingdoms were entirely based on an urban culture that rivaled the urbanization of China.