Critics of Ekman's cross-cultural research on recognition of emotion in facial expressions have suggested that
A) facial expressions are social signals and do not always reflect underlying emotions.
B) people are better at recognizing the facial expressions of outgroups than ingroups.
C) while Ekman's methods were sound, his sampling was biased.
D) most cultures are less expressive than Western cultures, therefore, comparisons are invalid.
E) it is not possible to infer causality from these findings because they are correlational.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Facial expressions can be influenced by social and cultural contexts, and may not always directly correspond to the emotions being experienced.

Critics of Ekman's Cross-Cultural Research on Recognition of Emotion in Facial