One means by which we locate the source of a sound involves detecting differences in the arrival time of sound pressure waves at each ear drum. This methods works best for frequencies above 3,000 Hz.

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This method, known as interaural time difference (ITD), works best for lower frequencies (below about 1,500 Hz), because at higher frequencies, the head creates a "shadow" effect that makes it harder to detect these time differences. For frequencies above 3,000 Hz, the interaural level difference (ILD) becomes more important for sound localization.

One Means by Which We Locate the Source of a Sound