Genes can be mapped in bacteria by taking advantage of transformation-the ability of cells to take up DNA from the environment and incorporate it into their chromosomes through crossing over. The relative rate at which pairs of genes are cotransformed indicates the distance between them: the higher the rate of cotransformation, the closer the genes are on the bacterial chromosome.
-DNA from a bacterial strain with genotype his- leu- thr- is transformed with DNA from a strain that is his+ leu+ thr+. A few leu+ thr+ cells and a few his+ thr+ cells are found, but no his+ leu+ cells are observed. Which genes are farthest apart?
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