Gestic language is just one of the many ways Brecht attempted to "alienate" his audiences. What were some of the others? Use examples from the plays that are mentioned in the text, both in this chapter and in previous chapters.
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The Answer is Brecht used a variety of techniques to "alienate" his audiences, in order to make them more aware and critical of the social and political messages in his plays. Some of these techniques include:

1. Direct address: In "The Threepenny Opera," characters often break the fourth wall and directly address the audience, reminding them that they are watching a play and not getting fully immersed in the characters' emotions.

2. Song and music: In "The Rise and Fall of the City of Mahagonny," Brecht used music and songs to distance the audience from the emotional impact of the characters' actions, instead encouraging them to critically analyze the themes and messages being presented.

3. Gestus: In "Mother Courage and Her Children," Brecht used gestus - a specific physical or gestural expression of social relationships - to emphasize the social and political aspects of the characters' interactions, rather than their individual emotions.

4. Verfremdungseffekt: This is the German term for "alienation effect," and it refers to the overall technique of keeping the audience at a critical distance from the events on stage, so that they never fully identify with the characters. This technique can be seen throughout Brecht's plays, as he consistently reminds the audience of the artificiality and constructed nature of the theatrical performance.

Overall, Brecht's goal was to create a sense of critical awareness and detachment in his audiences, so that they would engage with the social and political themes of his plays on a deeper level.

Gestic Language Is Just One of the Many Ways Brecht