A 2-year-old boy is hospitalized with chronic diarrhea. He exhibits considerable weight loss such that he is only about 70% of expected weight for age. His muscles show significant atrophy, but he still has normal subcutaneous adipose tissue. His abdomen is distended, and he has some areas of scaly peeling skin. These findings are most consistent with which of the following conditions?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The presence of normal subcutaneous fat with muscle atrophy and skin changes is characteristic of kwashiorkor, a form of malnutrition due to protein deficiency. Kwashiorkor is a condition resulting from inadequate protein intake. Early symptoms include fatigue, irritability, and lethargy. As protein deprivation continues, one sees growth failure, loss of muscle mass, generalized swelling (edema), and decreased immunity. A large, protuberant belly is common in children suffering from this disorder.

A 2-Year-Old Boy Is Hospitalized with Chronic Diarrhea