The Two-Factor Theory of Stuttering (Combining Classical and Instrumental Learning)

The two-factor theory of stuttering (combining classical and instrumental learning) implies that:

A) primary stuttering emerges through instrumental learning and then develops into Secondary stuttering through classical learning
B) fluency breaks resulting from strong emotional reactions are gradually shaped Into complicated stuttering through classical as well as instrumental learning
C) emotional reactions resulting in fluency breaks are generalized to various stimuli Through classical learning while secondary stuttering characteristics (body tensions,Etc) ) are shaped through instrumental learning
D) while fluency breaks are shaped through instrumental learning, secondary characteristics are generalized through classical learning