A man is on a diet-and-exercise program. Whenever he loses a pound of body fat, he puts $10 aside to be used to buy himself new golf clubs. The man is taking part in what behavior therapists would call

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This is an example of a positive reinforcement strategy, where a desirable outcome (saving money for new golf clubs) is used to encourage a specific behavior (losing weight). Positive reinforcement strengthens a behavior by providing a reward after the behavior is exhibited.  When a response (losing a pound) is followed immediately by a reward ($10 to buy new clubs) the response tends to be repeated and to increase in frequency over time. The reward is a positive reinforcement.

A Man Is on a Diet-And-Exercise Program