A manager doesn't particularly like his job, but he works hard anyway because he is well-paid. The money he receives as a reward for his behavior is called a(n)

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In this context, the money acts as an incentive. An incentive is a thing that motivates or encourages someone to do something. Here, the money is motivating the manager to work hard despite not liking his job.  Incentives are external stimuli or rewards that do not directly relate to biological needs, but motivate behavior due to their reinforcing properties.

A Manager Doesn't Particularly Like His Job, but He Works