With Respect to the Tendency to Label People as a Result

With respect to the tendency to label people as a result of test outcomes, the authors of the textbook believe that labels often lead to

A) thinking of the "normality" of individual children rather than the educational systems that created the conditions.
B) blaming the society for failure, rather than the individual being labeled.
C) putting the spotlight on dysfunctional aspects of the environment rather than on deviant personalities.
D) lowering people's sense of self-efficacy and encouraging an unwillingness to tackle challenges.