Simply put, in their approach to behavior, functionalists such as William James and John Dewey emphasized the importance of

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Functionalists, including William James and John Dewey, focused on the purposes or functions of mental processes and behavior in adapting to the environment.  Functionalism focused on learned habits that allow organisms to adapt to their environments and to function effectively. The key question for research was, "What is the purpose or function of any behavioral act?"

Simply Put, in Their Approach to Behavior, Functionalists Such as William