All of the Following Inclined the U

All of the following inclined the U.S. toward entering on the side of the Allies in the First World War EXCEPT that

A) although some progressives opposed war, the idealistic progressive spirit pointed toward an American campaign to end militarism and establish a peaceful world order.
B) the U.S. had cultural, economic, and historical ties to the Allies.
C) although a pacifist at heart, Wilson campaigned for re-election in 1916 on a hawkish platform-and won decisively.
D) the Germans employed submarine warfare against American merchant vessels.