The directionality problem:
A) means that sometimes you cannot clearly specify the direction of causality of a relationship observed in a correlational study.
B) differs between experimental and correlational research.
C) is limited to experimental research.
D) deals with the effects of extraneous variables on an experiment.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The directionality problem refers to the challenge in determining which variable is the cause and which is the effect in a correlational study, as correlation does not imply causation.

The Directionality Problem