Question 1

Inheriting mental retardation through dominant inheritance is common.

Accepted Answer

Mental retardation is generally not passed down through dominant inheritance as it is a multifactorial trait influenced by many genes and environmental factors. It is more often inherited through recessive or X-linked inheritance.

Question 2

People who function intellectually within the mild range of mental retardation are found more frequently within lower socioeconomic groups.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals with mild intellectual disability are more likely to come from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

Question 3

Mathematics disorder often show impairments that reflect deficits in working memory and executive function.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mathematics disorder often show impairments that reflect...

Question 4

The Dementia Scale for Down Syndrome (DSDS) was developed to detect and rate the severity of dementia among people who are not verbal and who cannot follow test instructions.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately describes the purpose and features of the DSDS.

Question 5

Performance anxiety that is specific to the math situation can give rise to low performance and apparent learning disorder.

Accepted Answer

Performance anxiety can negatively impact one's ability to perform in a particular situation, such as taking a math test or participating in a math class. This can lead to a lower performance than expected, which may appear as a learning disorder or difficulty with math.

Question 6

Dyslexia has not been explained by genetics.

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia has been found to have a strong genetic component, with multiple genes identified as potential contributors to the condition.

Question 7

In sex-linked inheritance, the abnormal gene is carried on the X chromosome.

Accepted Answer

Sex-linked inheritance occurs on the X chromosome, typically affecting males more frequently than females.

Question 8

According to the acculturation framework, assimilation occurs when the minority group participates in the economic, social and cultural life of the dominant society while maintaining its own identity as a unique cultural entity.

Accepted Answer

According to the acculturation framework, assimilation occurs when the minority group gives up its own cultural identity and adopts the dominant culture. The definition given in the statement is actually describing integration.

Question 9

Autistic children often do not seek or enjoy physical contact, such as hugs from their parents.

Accepted Answer

Autistic children often have sensory processing difficulties and may find physical touch overwhelming or uncomfortable. They may also struggle with understanding social cues and initiating or responding to physical contact. However, it is important to note that every individual with autism is different and some may enjoy or seek out physical touch.

Question 10

Learning disorders in children virtually always improve with age.

Accepted Answer

While some children with learning disorders may improve with age, not all will. In fact, some learning disorders may require ongoing support and intervention throughout an individual's life.

Question 11

In the past 30 years, the research focus concerning the etiology of autism has shifted from biological factors to psychogenic factors.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. The research focus concerning the etiology of autism has shifted from psychogenic factors to biological factors in the past 30 years.

Question 12

In general, biological treatments of autism have not been found to be effective.

Accepted Answer

While some medications and supplements have been studied as potential treatments for autism, there is no one biological treatment that has been consistently effective for all individuals with autism. Other types of therapies, such as behavioral and speech therapy, have been shown to be more effective in improving autism symptoms.

Question 13

Children with autism are often very responsive to and become irritated by minor changes in their non-social environment, such as a change in routine or arrangement of furniture.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Children with autism often have difficulty with adapting to changes in their environment and routines, and may become upset or agitated in response to such changes. This can be due to sensory processing difficulties and a preference for predictability and routine.

Question 14

Clinical research has shown that autism and childhood schizophrenia are very similar in clinical features.

Accepted Answer

While there may be some overlap in symptoms, autism and childhood schizophrenia are distinct disorders with different diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches. Clinical research has not shown them to be very similar in clinical features.

Question 15

The core deficit underlying a reading disorder is an impairment in phonological processing.

Accepted Answer

research has consistently shown that the primary cognitive deficit in dyslexia/reading disorder is an impairment in phonological processing, particularly phonological awareness, phonological memory, and phonological decoding.

Question 16

Until the 1980s, it was common for a person with mental retardation to be diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.

Accepted Answer

Historically, mental retardation (now referred to as intellectual disability) and psychiatric disorders were considered separate diagnoses, although individuals with intellectual disabilities could also have co-occurring psychiatric disorders.

Question 17

Brain imaging studies of dyslexia fail to show patterns of asymmetry in the language areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

101) The DSM and AAMR definitions of mental retardation both place heavy emphasis on what measure of intelligence? Give one reason why this measure may not accurately reflect people's cognitive abilities?
1) the tests were not devised to take into account sensory, motor and language deficits which may contribute to poor performance and
2) people may perform poorly because their limited experience means that the test situation is unfamiliar and overwhelming.

Question 18

Generally, Asperger Disorder has been viewed as a mild version of Rett syndrome, associated with higher intellectual functioning.

Accepted Answer

Asperger's syndrome and Rett syndrome are two distinct neurodevelopmental disorders with different characteristics and outcomes. Asperger's syndrome is typically associated with normal to high intelligence, while Rett syndrome is a severe neurological disorder that affects girls almost exclusively and is characterized by intellectual disability, loss of language and motor skills, and stereotypic hand movements.

Question 19

IQ / achievement discrepancy is a method of detecting students who are faking a learning disability

Accepted Answer

IQ/achievement discrepancy is a valid and recognized method of identifying students with specific learning disabilities, such as dyslexia or dyscalculia. It is not a method for detecting students who are faking a learning disability. It involves comparing a student's intellectual ability (as measured by IQ) with their academic achievement (as measured by standardized tests or grades) to determine if there is a significant discrepancy between the two, which could indicate a learning disability.

Question 20

Translocation and mosaicism are two other causes of Down syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Translocation and mosaicism can both result in Down syndrome, in addition to the most common cause of trisomy 21.

Quiz 14: Developmental Disorders