Nine-Year-Old Marvin Has Significant Achievement Problems, Average Intellectual Ability, and a Profound

Nine-year-old Marvin has significant achievement problems, average intellectual ability, and a profound hearing loss. He would not qualify for special education and related services under the category of learning disabilities because

A) he does not exhibit a significant discrepancy between academic achievement and intellectual functioning
B) the Learning Disabilities Association of Canada's definition of learning disabilities explicitly excludes students whose learning difficulties are primarily the result of disabilities related to hearing and vision
C) his problems are primarily the result of spoken and written difficulties
D) his problems are primarily developmental in nature