Question 1

The site of carriage for diphtheria is:

Accepted Answer

Diphtheria is primarily carried in the throat, where the bacteria can colonize and produce toxins.

Question 2

Carriers are more serious that a case because:

Accepted Answer

Carriers are more serious because they can spread the disease to others without showing symptoms themselves, making it difficult to identify and control the spread.

Question 3

Really cause disease in immune-competent people but can cause serious infections in immune compromised patients:

Accepted Answer

Opportunistic pathogens are typically harmless in healthy individuals but can cause serious infections in those with weakened immune systems.

Question 4

Infection that has a worldwide distribution:

Accepted Answer

A pandemic is an infection that has spread across multiple countries or continents, affecting a large number of people worldwide.

Question 5

Infection which is present at a low level is specific population:

Accepted Answer

An endemic infection is one that is consistently present at a low level within a specific population or geographic area.

Question 6

The organism continue to grow with or without producing symptoms:

Accepted Answer

Chronic infections are characterized by the continuous presence of the organism, which can persist with or without causing symptoms over a long period.

Question 7

The time from initial contacts with the infectious agents to the appearance of the 1^st symptoms:

Accepted Answer

The incubation period is the time between exposure to an infectious agent and the appearance of the first symptoms.

Question 8

The ability of the organism to cause disease:

Accepted Answer

Pathogenicity refers to the ability of an organism to cause disease.

Question 9

Infectious dose of shigella is:

Accepted Answer

The infectious dose of Shigella is 100. This means that it takes only 100 bacteria to cause an infection. Shigella is a type of bacteria that causes shigellosis, a diarrheal disease. Shigellosis is spread through contact with contaminated food or water, or through contact with an infected person.

Question 10

Infectious dose of salmonella is:

Accepted Answer

The infectious dose of Salmonella is typically around 100,000 bacteria, although it can vary depending on the strain and the host's immune system.

Question 11

Degree of Pathogenicity:

Accepted Answer

Virulence refers to the degree of pathogenicity or the ability of a microorganism to cause disease in a host.

Question 12

Specific bacterial surface proteins help entry into cells:

Accepted Answer

Invasins are bacterial surface proteins that facilitate the entry of bacteria into host cells by interacting with the host cell's surface.

Question 13

Removal of foreign materials from surfaces or item:

Accepted Answer

Cleaning is the process of removing foreign materials from surfaces or items.

Question 14

Minimizing the number of microorganism present on surfaces to a level causing no health problems:

Accepted Answer

Disinfection is the process of reducing the number of microorganisms on surfaces to a level that is not harmful to health.

Question 15

The process which destroy all forms of microbial life:

Accepted Answer

Sterilization is the process that destroys all forms of microbial life, including bacteria, viruses, spores, and fungi.

Question 16

High level Disinfection kills all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

High level disinfection is effective against vegetative bacteria, fungi, and a wide range of viruses, but it does not kill all spores.

Question 17

Intermediate level disinfection skills all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Intermediate level disinfection skills all of the...

Question 18

Low Level disinfection skills:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Low Level disinfection skills:
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Question 19

Koch's steamer is used in the process of:

Accepted Answer

Koch's steamer is a device used for steaming, which is a process of cooking food by exposing it to hot steam.

Question 20

Pasteurization techniques id:

Accepted Answer

Both options A and C are correct pasteurization techniques: A is the high-temperature short-time (HTST) method, and C is the low-temperature long-time (LTLT) method.

Quiz 1: Sterilization