For Ferdinand Tönnies, the term ________ refers to a social organization in which individuals are oriented to collectively shared values and traditional ties.

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Ferdinand Tönnies used the term Gemeinschaft to describe a social organization characterized by close-knit communities, shared values, and traditional ties. It is a type of social structure found in pre-modern societies, in which individuals often have a sense of belonging and share a common history, language, and culture.

For Ferdinand Tönnies, the Term ________ Refers to a Social