Which of the Following, If True, Would Indicate That Grassroots/outside

Which of the following, if true, would indicate that grassroots/outside lobbying is an ineffective political tactic?

A) Policy makers primarily work to satisfy the demands of their wealthiest campaign contributors. As a result, they rarely respond to broader public opinion.
B) In congressional elections, incumbent candidates win at a much higher rate than challengers.
C) The number of interest groups with lobbyists in Washington, D.C., has increased over the past several decades.
D) The mass media tend to cover only the most dramatic and unusual news stories.
E) Most members of Congress have rejected campaign contributions from (political action committees) PACs.