Root Pressure Can Result in the Early Morning Appearance of Water

Root pressure can result in the early morning appearance of water droplets on leaves and flowers of low-growing plants.Which of the following does not contribute to the development of root pressure?

A) low water potential of atmosphere
B) closed stomata
C) accumulation of ions from the soil by root epidermal cells
D) movement of ions from epidermis to xylem
E) creation of a water potential gradient between the xylem (lower ψ) and surrounding cells (higher ψ) in the root