Which of these worked to create secular, nationalist states such as modern Turkey?

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Islamic modernism, which emerged in the late 19th and early 20th century, aimed to reconcile Islamic principles with modernity and rationalism. Islamic modernists, including reformers like Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and Muhammad Abduh, advocated for a secularization of society and state, as well as a focus on national identity and modernization. This ideology played a significant role in the creation of secular, nationalist states such as modern Turkey, which was founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk on the principles of secularism, nationalism, and modernization. The other options, Islamic reformism, Islamic revival, and Wahhabism, do not prioritize secularism or nationalism in the same way that Islamic modernism does.

Which of These Worked to Create Secular, Nationalist States Such