Since women earn less on average than men, we would expect that the substitution effect of a wage change would be more likely to dominate for women and the income effect would be more likely to dominate for men.

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The substitution effect is the change in the quantity of labor supplied due to a change in the wage rate, holding income constant. The income effect is the change in the quantity of labor supplied due to a change in income, holding the wage rate constant. Since women earn less on average than men, a wage increase would have a greater substitution effect for women than for men. This is because women would be more likely to increase their labor supply in response to a wage increase in order to earn more income. Conversely, a wage increase would have a greater income effect for men than for women. This is because men would be more likely to decrease their labor supply in response to a wage increase in order to enjoy more leisure time.

Since Women Earn Less on Average Than Men, We Would