What factors increase the clinical severity of -1 antitrypsin (ATT) deficiency?
1) Whether or not the person smokes
2) Whether or not the person uses alcohol
3) The severity of disease in affected relatives
4) The specific alleles of the genes inherited

Question

What factors increase the clinical severity of -1 antitrypsin (ATT) deficiency?
1) Whether or not the person smokes 
2) Whether or not the person uses alcohol
3) The severity of disease in affected relatives
4) The specific alleles of the genes inherited

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Some ATT genotypes (such as the SZ and ZZ genotypes) confer higher risk of clinical disease. Risk for severe disease is increased by smoking, as well as by the specific gene alleles inherited. The severity of disease in relatives and the use of alcohol have not been shown to increase risk.

What Factors Increase the Clinical Severity of -1 Antitrypsin (ATT)