With the Judiciary Act of 1801, the Federalists increased the size of the Supreme Court from six to nine justices and reorganized the federal courts so as to create more vacancies.

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The Judiciary Act of 1801 reduced the size of the Supreme Court from six justices to five and reorganized the federal court system to create more positions for Federalist judges, but it did not increase the size of the Supreme Court to nine justices.

With the Judiciary Act of 1801, the Federalists Increased the Size