What Is the Best Way to Measure Changes in Shareholder

What is the best way to measure changes in shareholder value?

A) Consider the changes in the company's balance sheet measured at fair value.
B) Consider the changes in the company's share price, dividend policy, and fair value of its bonds.
C) Consider long term cash flows taking into account risk and the cost of sharehoders' equity.
D) Consider the problem that accounting policies may vary from company to company.
E) Consider the problem that ratios based on profit do not take in to account all the costs of capital invested by the business.