An Infant Is Experiencing Dyspnea Related to Patent Ductus Arteriosus

An infant is experiencing dyspnea related to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) . The nurse understands dyspnea occurs because:

A) Blood is circulated through the lungs again, causing pulmonary circulatory congestion.
B) Blood is shunted past the pulmonary circulation, causing pulmonary hypoxia.
C) Blood is shunted past cardiac arteries, causing myocardial hypoxia.
D) Blood is circulated through the ductus from the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the left side of the heart.