Children do not develop self-conscious emotions such as pride or shame until they
A) have developed object permanence.
B) can think about how events affect their self-evaluations.
C) understand reversibility.
D) can empathize with the feelings of others.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Self-conscious emotions such as pride or shame require the ability to think about how events affect one's self-evaluations. This is called self-reflection, which is a cognitive ability that typically emerges around the age of 18-24 months. The other options (object permanence, reversibility, and empathy) are not necessarily related to the development of self-conscious emotions.

Children Do Not Develop Self-Conscious Emotions Such as Pride or Shame