A Patient's Pap Test Reveals Cervical Cells Characteristic of Adenocarcinoma

A patient's Pap test reveals cervical cells characteristic of adenocarcinoma of the cervix. Information obtained during the patient's health history and identified as a major risk factor for cervical cancer is

A) smoking coupled with infection with a human papilloma virus (HPV) .
B) use of estrogen replacement therapy for menopausal symptoms.
C) the patient's use of oral contraceptives for 15 years.
D) a history of four pregnancies with one spontaneous abortion.