The Nurse Identifies a Nursing Diagnosis of Pain Related to Muscle

The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of pain related to muscle spasms for a patient with acute low back pain associated with acute lumbosacral strain. An appropriate nursing intervention for this problem is to teach the patient to

A) twist gently from side to side to maintain range-of-motion in the spine.
B) place a small pillow under the upper back to flex the lumbar spine gently.
C) keep the head elevated slightly and flex the knees when resting in bed.
D) avoid the use of cold because it will exacerbate the muscle spasms.