Elizabeth is 5 years old, and she likes to help her mother when it is time for supper. However, her mother is often quick tempered at the end of the day, scolding Elizabeth when she tries to help. Her mother finds she can get things done more quickly if Elizabeth stays out of the way. Based on Erikson's theory, Elizabeth may develop:

Question

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Erikson's theory suggests that during the early childhood stage (around ages 3 to 5), children face the crisis of initiative vs. guilt. When children like Elizabeth try to help and are scolded, they may feel guilty for their actions, thinking they are doing something wrong by trying to help.

Elizabeth Is 5 Years Old, and She Likes to Help